Biochemistry and Physiology Quiz 1

Which vitamin deficiency is most strongly associated with the formation of interglobular dentin due to impaired mineralization? —-

Which ion’s influx is specifically blocked by local anesthetics to prevent nerve depolarization?

Excess cortisol production from the adrenal cortex primarily causes which metabolic disturbance?

Sulfonylurea drugs lower blood glucose by acting on which cellular channel in pancreatic beta cells?

Chronic corticosteroid use reduces peripheral glucose uptake primarily by promoting excessive glucose release from which organ?

Dabigatran directly inhibits which clotting factor?

Warfarin works by inhibiting which enzyme involved in coagulation factor activation?

The respiratory drive in healthy individuals is primarily triggered by rising levels of which gas?

Which hormone-related protein produced by reduced enamel epithelium triggers bone resorption necessary for tooth eruption?

Excess potassium levels (hyperkalemia) may occur in patients taking ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril because these drugs inhibit:

Which organelle produces the majority of a cell’s ATP through oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the primary buffer system in saliva that neutralizes acid produced by oral bacteria?

The hormone epinephrine is synthesized from which amino acid precursor?

Which type of collagen is most abundant within the dental pulp?

Which physiological type of shock is defined by inadequate tissue perfusion resulting from acute blood loss?

Cortisol is produced in which specific layer of the adrenal cortex?

Cystic fibrosis results from mutations causing malfunction of which type of protein?

Loss of organ development due to failure of cell proliferation during embryogenesis is known as:

Which clotting factor requires vitamin K–dependent gamma-carboxylation for full activity?

Which metabolic change is most likely to occur following administration of a beta-blocker such as metoprolol?