Microbiology and Pathology Quiz 8

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Question 1 of 20

1. Question

A patient presents with tall and thin stature, abnormally long legs and arms, spiderlike fingers, cystic medial necrosis of the aorta, aortic incompetence, dissecting aortic aneurysms, and ocular lens dislocation. Which disease does this patient most likely have?

Cystic fibrosis
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von Hippel-Lindau disease
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Tay-Sachs disease
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Fabry disease
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Marfan syndrome
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Question 2 of 20

2. Question

. Which of the following genes would you suspect to be mutated in a patient with Marfan syndrome?

VHL
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Fibrillin
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BRCA-1
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N-myc
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BRCA-2
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Question 3 of 20

3. Question

A patient develops a “bulls-eye” rash on their hand and forearm after being prescribed penicillin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Impetigo
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Type IV hypersensitivity
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Bullous pemphigoid
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Pemphigus vulgaris
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Erythema multiforme
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Question 4 of 20

4. Question

Erythema multiforme causes what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Type I
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Type II
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Type III
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Type IV
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Not a hypersensitivity reaction
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Question 5 of 20

5. Question

Which of the following is TRUE regarding pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid?

Both lesions have very different clinical presentations.
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They are both mediated by IgM.
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Histology is of no diagnostic help when differentiating between the two.
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Only pemphigus vulgaris has Tzanck cells.
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Immunofluorescence shows the same features between the two.
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Question 6 of 20

6. Question

Which gram-positive, beta-hemolytic bacteria possesses hyaluronidase, streptolysin O and S as major virulence factors, and is implicated in glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever?

Bordetella pertussis
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Streptococcus pyogenes
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Haemophilus influenzae
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Helicobacter pylori
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Francisella tularensis
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Question 7 of 20

7. Question

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding bacterial classification based on oxygen requirements or Gram staining?

Gram-positive microorganisms contain LTA in their cell walls.
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Obligate anaerobes typically grow well in oxygenated environments.
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Spores are produced by gram-positive rods only.
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Only one bacterium is differentiated by the acid-fast stain.
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Bacteria designated as cocci are microscopically round
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Question 8 of 20

8. Question

A 12-year-old male developed polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea, carditis, and subcutaneous nodules weeks after an untreated sore throat. What illness are these symptoms indicative of?

Rheumatic fever
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Measles
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Pneumonia
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Mumps
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Parvovirus
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Question 9 of 20

9. Question

Rheumatic fever involves which type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Type I
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Type II
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Type III
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Type IV
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Not a hypersensitivity reaction
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Question 10 of 20

10. Question

Each of the following pathological findings are included in the grouping of Aschoff bodies, associated with rheumatic fever, EXCEPT:

Anitschkow cells.
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Multinucleated giant cells.
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Aschoff myocytes.
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Focal interstitial myocardial inflammation.
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Lines of Zahn.
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Question 11 of 20

11. Question

Which of the following Streptococcal strains is known to cause rheumatic fever if left untreated?

Group A beta-hemolytic
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Group C
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Group B beta-hemolytic
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Alpha-hemolytic
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Group D beta-hemolytic
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Question 12 of 20

12. Question

According to the Jones criteria used to diagnose rheumatic fever, how many major criteria are met and how many minor criteria are met from the following list of symptoms: arthritis, fever, ECG changes, arthralgias?

3 major, 1 minor
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2 major, 2 minor
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1 major, 3 minor
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4 major
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4 minor
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Question 13 of 20

13. Question

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning necrotic changes?

Ischemia is seen with coagulative necrosis.
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Fatty acids are released with liquefactive necrosis.
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. Myocardial infarcts cause liquefactive necrosis.
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Caseous necrosis is seen in tuberculosis infection.
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. Granulomas are considered as being characteristic of caseous necrosis.
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Question 14 of 20

14. Question

Which cytokine is secreted by B cells, T cells, monocytes, and macrophages, functions as an anticytokine, and stimulates collagen formation?

IL-4
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INF-$\gamma$
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IL-2
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TGF-$\beta$
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TNF-$\alpha$
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Question 15 of 20

15. Question

Each of the following cellular injuries is matched up correctly with its causative chemical EXCEPT:

Methanol—blindness.
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Cyanide—renal tubular necrosis.
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Lead—basophilic stippling of red blood cells.
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Mercury—pneumonitis.
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Carbon tetrachloride—fatty liver.
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Question 16 of 20

16. Question

Each of the following is true regarding periodontal health and plaque composition EXCEPT:

The epitactic concept states that calculus formation is independent of proteins.
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Materia alba is largely composed of desquamated cells and is easily washed away.
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Subgingival plaque is largely composed of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli and spirochetes.
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Chlorhexidine gluconate is the most effective antiplaque mouthrinse.
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Supragingival plaque is largely composed of gram-positive facultative cocci.
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Question 17 of 20

17. Question

Which periodontal disease is characterized by punched-out interproximal papillae, fetid odor, gingival bleeding, and marginal gingival pseudomembrane formation?

Chronic periodontitis
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Aggressive periodontitis
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Plaque-induced gingivitis
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Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)
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Candidiasis
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Question 18 of 20

18. Question

A patient presents with diffuse mucosal pigmentation of the oral cavity, lethargy, and weakness. Laboratory results show decreased cortisol, increased serum sodium, and increased serum potassium. Which disease is suspected?

Cushing disease
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Addison disease
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Primary hyperparathyroidism
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Cushing syndrome
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Plummer disease
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Question 19 of 20

19. Question

What is the primary purpose of the ACTH stimulation test?

Differentiates between primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Differentiates between hyper- and hypothyroidism.
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Differentiates between Cushing disease and syndrome.
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Differentiates between primary and secondary Addison disease.
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Differentiates between acromegaly and dwarfism.
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Question 20 of 20

20. Question

Since Addison disease involves a lack of cortisol due to the adrenal cortex’s poor response to ACTH stimulation, which of the following would be an adequate treatment?

Administer cortisol
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Administer aldosterone
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Administer androgens
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Administer growth hormone
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Administer parathyroid hormone
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Microbiology and Pathology Quiz 8

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