Microbiology and Pathology Quiz 15

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Question 1 of 20

1. Question

Regarding inflammatory mediators, each of the following is correctly matched up with its amino acid or cellular precursor EXCEPT:

Serotonin $\rightarrow$ tryptophan.
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Complement protein $\rightarrow$ hepatocytes.
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Nitric oxide $\rightarrow$ histidine.
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Bradykinin $\rightarrow$ kininogen
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Leukotrienes $\rightarrow$ arachidonic acid.
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Question 2 of 20

2. Question

Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-$\beta$) is an inhibitory cytokine secreted by all of the following cells EXCEPT:

Monocytes
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Fibroblasts
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T cells.
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B cells.
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Macrophages.
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Question 3 of 20

3. Question

Each of the following is part of the cellular stage of acute inflammation EXCEPT:

Diapedesis
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Margination
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Chemotaxis
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Vasodilation
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Adhesion
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Question 4 of 20

4. Question

Which of the following is TRUE of subgingival plaque?

It is located coronal to the gingival margin.
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It is not affected by diet and saliva.
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It is predominately gram-positive facultative cocci.
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The calculus it forms is due to saliva.
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It does not attach to gingival epithelial sources.
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Question 5 of 20

5. Question

Which of the following is TRUE of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria)?

There are three pathways of replication.
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The lytic cycle includes a prophage.
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The host cell is not destroyed in the lysogenic cycle.
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They are bacteria.
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. DNA is incorporated into the host-cell chromosome in the lytic cycle.
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Question 6 of 20

6. Question

Which of the following viral diseases is self-limiting (lasting 2-3 weeks) and cannot be prevented with a vaccine?

Infectious mononucleosis
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Primary varicella
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Smallpox
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Hepatitis B
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
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Question 7 of 20

7. Question

Each of the following is true of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) EXCEPT:

It contains only one strand of RNA.
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gp120 mediates attachment to CD4.
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gp41 mediates fusion to the host cell.
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p24 and p7 combine to form the nucleocapsid
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It contains reverse transcriptase.
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Question 8 of 20

8. Question

Which of the following is TRUE of cephalosporins?

They inhibit protein synthesis.
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They contain beta lactam rings.
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They are bacteriostatic.
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There is only one generation of the drug available.
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There is 90% cross-hypersensitivity with penicillins.
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Question 9 of 20

9. Question

Haemophilus influenzae is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, respiratory bacilli that causes each of the following illnesses EXCEPT:

Otitis media.
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Epiglottitis
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Meningitis in children.
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Upper respiratory tract infection.
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Enterocolitis.
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Question 10 of 20

10. Question

An 8-year-old female presents with delayed tooth eruption, dentin and enamel defects, and a high caries rate. Her bones may be softened due to decreased Vitamin D. Which disease do you suspect?

Osteomalacia
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Paget disease
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Fibrous dysplasia
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Osteoporosis
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Osteitis fibrosa cystica
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Question 11 of 20

11. Question

Each of the following is a potential cause of vitamin D deficiency EXCEPT:

Decreased dietary intake.
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Malabsorption
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Increased phosphate intake.
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Decreased sunlight exposure.
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Kidney failure.
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Question 12 of 20

12. Question

The laboratory findings of anemia, increased alkaline phosphatase, and increased urinary hydroxyproline are indicative of which metabolic bone disease primarily seen in the elderly?

Paget disease
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Fibrous dysplasia
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Osteoporosis
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Osteochondrosis
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Osteopetrosis
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Question 13 of 20

13. Question

Each of the following classifications of fractures is correctly matched with its definition EXCEPT:

Greenstick $\rightarrow$ bone cracks through one side only
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Comminuted $\rightarrow$ bone is crushed into many pieces.
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Open $\rightarrow$ bone pierces skin.
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Complete $\rightarrow$ bone bends but does not break.
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Single $\rightarrow$ bone breaks only in one place.
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Question 14 of 20

14. Question

An elderly patient presents with a hand tremor while sitting (resting tremor) and exhibits a shuffling gait (bradykinesia). Which neurodegenerative disease is suspected?

Multiple sclerosis
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Myasthenia gravis
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Alzheimer disease
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Parkinson disease
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Eaton-Lambert syndrome
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Question 15 of 20

15. Question

Which of the following is NOT part of the clinical triad of symptoms seen with multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Scanning speech
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Dementia
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Intention tremor
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Nystagmus
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None of the above (meaning all listed are part of the triad)
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Question 16 of 20

16. Question

Each of the following is true of a stroke (cerebral infarction) EXCEPT:

It is due to an infarct of the cerebrum or another part of the brain.
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It can be caused by a thrombus or embolism of the carotid artery.
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Symptoms vary based on what part of the brain is affected.
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Sudden paralysis and numbness of the body on the ipsilateral side of the stroke is common.
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Hemorrhage of the brain can cause a stroke.
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Question 17 of 20

17. Question

Which of the following signs and symptoms are incorrectly matched with their causative disease?

Alzheimer disease $\rightarrow$ Lewy bodies
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Parkinson disease $\rightarrow$ depigmentation of the substantia nigra
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Werdnig-Hoffman disease $\rightarrow$ tongue fasciculations
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Poliomyelitis $\rightarrow$ lower motor neuron damage
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Huntingdon disease $\rightarrow$ chorea and dementia
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Question 18 of 20

18. Question

Each of the following tumors is correctly matched up with its definition EXCEPT:

Choristoma $\rightarrow$ normal tissue misplaced within another organ
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Myxoma $\rightarrow$ malignant tumor derived from connective tissue.
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Teratoma $\rightarrow$ neoplasm comprised of all three embryonic germ cell layers
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Adenoma $\rightarrow$ neoplasm of glandular epithelium.
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Papilloma $\rightarrow$ tumor from surface epithelium.
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Question 19 of 20

19. Question

Each of the following causes of mutagenesis is correctly matched with its mechanism of action EXCEPT:

Ultraviolet light $\rightarrow$ produces free radicals that can attack DNA bases.
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Dimers $\rightarrow$ interfere with DNA replication.
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Chemicals $\rightarrow$ may alter an existing DNA base.
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Viruses $\rightarrow$ frameshift deletions.
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Chemicals $\rightarrow$ bind existing DNA bases to cause frameshifts.
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Question 20 of 20

20. Question

The clinical signs of peau d’orange (swollen, pitted surface on the breast) and enlarged axillary lymph nodes are evident in which neoplasia?

Squamous cell carcinoma
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Lung cancer
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Colorectal cancer
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Breast cancer
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Uterine cancer
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Microbiology and Pathology Quiz 15

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